舌象分割技术的文献计量学分析

[目的]了解舌象分割技术的研究现况及发展趋势,为舌象客观化提供参考。[方法]基于中国知网、维普、万方及Pubmed数据库检索建库至2018年公开发表的舌象分割技术文献,利用Note Express 3.20、Excel 2016、SATI3.2、UCINET 6.0软件进行文献计量学及关键词共现网络分析。[结果]舌象分割技术文献研究整体呈上升趋势,北京工业大学居首位。主要基金资助为国家自然科学基金。根据普赖斯定律的要求,基本形成"核心作者群"。舌象分割以Snake模型和基于阈值的分割技术为主。关键词集中分布在"舌诊""图像分割""舌诊客观化"等方面。[结论]舌象分割技术研究仍需受到重视,国家政府应加大资助力度,加强研究机构间合作,尚存在一些舌象分割评价标准问题,需待改进。     

溃疡性结肠炎薄白苔和黄腻苔患者的肠道菌群特征分析

  目的：通过分析溃疡性结肠炎(UC)薄白苔、黄腻苔患者的肠道菌群特征,探讨UC患者舌苔与肠道菌群之间的关系。  方法：选取UC薄白苔患者、UC黄腻苔患者、健康对照者各35例,分别设为UC薄白苔组、UC黄腻苔组、健康对照组。收集粪便标本,采用16S rDNA基因测序分析技术和生物信息学方法分析比较各组肠道菌群的多样性和丰度。  结果：①与健康对照组比较,UC薄白苔、黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群物种的丰富度和多样性降低(P＜0.001),肠道菌群物种数量减少；与UC薄白苔组比较,UC黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群丰富度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但肠道菌群物种数量减少。②门水平差异分析:与健康对照组比较,UC薄白苔、黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)减少(P＜0.05)；与UC薄白苔组比较,UC黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群中蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)增多(P＜0.05)。③属水平差异分析:与健康对照组比较,UC薄白苔组患者肠道菌群中埃希氏-志贺氏菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)等增多(P＜0.05),罕见小球菌属(Subdoligranulum)、多尔氏菌属(Dorea)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、罗氏菌属(Roseburia)等减少(P＜0.05)；UC黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群中埃希氏-志贺氏菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)等增多(P＜0.05),多尔氏菌属(Dorea)、罕见小球菌属(Subdoligranulum)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium)、罗氏菌属(Roseburia)等减少(P＜0.05)。与UC薄白苔组比较,UC黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群链球菌(Streptococcus)增多(P＜0.05),巨球型菌属(Megasphaera)、拟普氏菌属(Alloprevotella)、普氏菌属(Prevotella)、奈瑟氏菌属(Neisseria)等减少(P＜0.05)。④LDA判定(纲、目、科水平):UC薄白苔组患者肠道菌群中普氏菌科(f_Prevotellaceae)、奈瑟氏球菌目(o_Neisseriales)、奈瑟氏球菌科(f_Neisseriaceae)丰度显著多于UC黄腻苔组(LDA＞2.0),UC黄腻苔组患者肠道菌群中杆菌纲(c_Bacilli)、乳杆菌目(o_Lactobacillales)、链球菌科(f_Streptococcaceae)、消化链球菌科(f_Peptostreptococcaceae)丰度显著高于UC薄白苔组(LDA＞2.0)。  结论：UC薄白苔、黄腻苔患者肠道菌群丰富度和多样性均较健康者明显下降；UC薄白苔患者和UC黄腻苔患者在肠道菌群组成和细菌丰度上均存在差异,黄腻苔患者肠道致病性细菌增多而具有潜在保护作用的细菌减少；肠道菌群检测可以为舌诊现代化提供一定的信息。     

Functionally navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation to evoke lingual pressure in stroke survivors with dysphagia and healthy adults: a proof of concept trial

ABSTRACT

Background

Post-stroke dysphagia is characterized by reduced corticolingual excitability and lingual pressure; however, it remains unknown if transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) directly facilitates lingual pressure generation.     

Tongue surface model can predict radiation tongue mucositis due to intensity-modulated radiation therapy for head and neck cancer

Acute radiation tongue mucositis has a profound effect on talking and eating. We examined whether the dose–volume histogram obtained from the tongue surface model correlates with mucositis severity, and whether it is useful for predicting acute radiation tongue mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Thirty-six patients who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy for head and neck cancer were analysed for acute radiation tongue mucositis according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0, as well as the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scoring systems. The corresponding high-dose locations in anatomical sub-regions in the tongue surface model and the development of high-grade acute radiation tongue mucositis were compared. The mucositis sites coincided with the high-dose anatomical sub-regions in the tongue surface model. There was a clear dose–response relationship between the mean dose to the tongue and the acute radiation tongue mucositis Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade. According to the dose–volume histogram, patients receiving 16.0–73.0 Gy to the tongue were susceptible to grade 2–3 toxicity. The tongue surface model can predict the site and severity of acute radiation tongue mucositis. In future, radiation treatment plans ccould be optimized using this model.     

慢性萎缩性胃炎患者中医舌象特征研究＊

目的 探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的舌象特点，分析胃粘膜病理学改变与中医舌象变化的相关性。方法 本研究运用舌象仪采集慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的舌象信息，采用病例对照研究方法比较不同病理阶段的胃病患者舌象客观参数和特征，描述舌象特征的变化趋势，分析慢性萎缩性胃炎患者较常见的舌象特征。结果 慢性萎缩性胃炎组的舌色参数R值和V值显著高于慢性非萎缩性胃炎组与胃癌组（P < 0.05）；慢性萎缩性胃炎组中舌质红的患者显著多于慢性非萎缩性胃炎组与胃癌组（P < 0.01）；慢性萎缩性胃炎组的舌苔厚薄指数和剥苔指数均显著低于慢性非萎缩性胃炎组与胃癌组（P < 0.01），慢性萎缩性胃炎组中舌苔厚的患者显著多于慢性非萎缩性胃炎组与胃癌组（P < 0.01）；结论 舌质红和舌苔厚是慢性萎缩性胃炎患者常见的舌象特征。